BRAD is a physical device that obtains quantitative measurements of the pupil and its reaction to light after a head injury.

It is a portable, battery-operated unit that uses infrared light to cause the pupil to dilate and flashing white light to cause the pupil to constrict.

The scan performs in minutes and provides quantitative results and an early warning for concussions right on the field of play.

The BRAD device is built to simulate the swinging light test. For many years, doctors and emergency medical personnel have used the swinging light test to determine changes in the pupil resulting from a concussion.

This test requires the holder to shine the light into the left eye and watch the pupil of the right eye to determine the size and rate of constriction or expansion. Then quickly reverse the process.

It takes a few years for a person to get proficient and confident in the method.

The goal is to detect Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD) and there are obvious difficulties with the process. The most glaring difficulty is the ability to gauge with certainty and consistency the speed and micro movement in the pupil of the eye. The problem around detection is only exacerbated by attempting to perform the test in the field.

Some studies indicate that physicians detect a RAPD only when a 25% difference is present in the underlying structure or function between the two eyes. As a byproduct of the swinging flashlight test, one also tests for efferent lesions.

The most clinically observable response is if one eye maintains its normal direct and consensual pupillary reflex to light, whereas the other pupil shows no response to either direct or consensual light stimulation, also known as a fixed pupil.

The BRAD device eliminates the inherent subjectivity of the swinging light test conducted by clinical personnel.

The device provides a precise, sensitive, and repeatable test that does not require the need for a trained clinician.

It provides a uniform background light, uniform stimulation, with automated measurements of pupillary responses obtained from both eyes simultaneously. In addition to assessing RAPD, it assesses absolute deficits in afferent and efferent pathways as well as measuring photo stress recovery times.

This complete set of detection comes in a hand-held, portable, easy to use device that anyone can operate.

Brain Injury Tracker (BIT) is the mobile application and online platform to ingest the scan information from the BRAD scanner and provide a portal for lifetime tracking, user management, and data mining.

The mobile application, connecting via Bluetooth to the BRAD scanner, provides management of individual players and an easy-to-use interface.

Scans are associated to a user, results shown directly on the device, and a complete set of information uploaded to the online platform for more detailed viewing, aggregation, and tracking.

The BIT platform is a hosted, cloud platform accessible to anyone with an authorized login and is compliant with HIPPA rules and guidelines.

It enables the ability to track athletes individually or in groups. Athletes can be managed by league, by team, and by sport. Statistical information, graphs, videos from scans, and all historical information is presented for each athlete and aggregated over groups.

The platform allows athletes and parents to manage the accessibility of the information for privacy and restrict who can see information about a youth athlete at any point.

In addition to internal synchronization mechanisms, the platform will have a published RESTful API. With strong integration options for researchers and leagues, data can be utilized providing a best-in-class platform.

The platform can also be expanded to cover other applications of mTBI tracking, like the military, as well as other data sources.

The platform gives parents and coaches the aggregated, objective information over the lifetime of the athlete.

It gives doctors a window directly into the timeline of concussion events and the needed data to make critical, informed decisions.

It gives researchers the mass number of data points and demographics to push the envelope in understanding how concussions affect our growing society.